Exploring sporting tourism in Qatar

Exploring the sporting tourism in Qatar

Sporting tourism has gained momentum with many countries now considering this new sector as an essential area of their economic development. Involvement in any organized sporting event can trigger sporting event-related travel at both national and international levels. Such events usually attract both active (officials and competitors) and passive (spectators) participants. According to Yeh et al. (2018), the popularity of sporting events as a form of tourism is attributed to the fact that such events result in substantial benefits for host communities, which can be a state, region, city, or county. The most apparent impact of sporting events is on the tourism sector and the economy as a whole. Notable, the sporting events attract visitors from far and wide who stay and spend more before, during, and after the event, as well as visitors who seek investment opportunities in certain business ventures, thus generating economic benefits to a country, city, or region. Besides, sporting events result in an increase of tourists to a host city. In addition to these economic and tourism benefits, sporting events are associated with other non-monetary and indirect benefits like infrastructure development and improvements in destination or country image. However, hosting such sporting activities is associated with huge costs, and this can have a negative implication on the host country if the costs outweigh the benefits accrued (Peric, 2018). The general focus of this research study, therefore, is to explore in detail sporting tourism in Qatar, with a particular focus being on critically analyzing the benefits and cost of hosting mega sporting events.

Aim and objectives

The primary aim of this study is to critically analyse and understand the benefits and cost of hosting mega sporting events, with a specific focus being on sporting tourism in Qatar. In line with this aim, the research objectives that underpin this study are as follows.

To find out the major mega sporting events held in Qatar
To analyse the benefits of hosting mega sporting events in Qatar
To assess the costs associated with hosting mega sporting events in Qatar
To provide recommendations on how Qatar can maximize the benefits derived from hosting mega sporting events

Literature outline

The study by Njoroge et al. (2017) focused on analysing the perceived socio-economic impact of sports tourism in Kenya. By utilising a mixed-method approach of both survey and interview methods, the host community’s perception of socio-economic impacts of sports tourism impact in Machakos county was determined. The outcomes of the study revealed that sports tourism has both positive and negative impacts on the county. Here, the positive impacts included economic benefits such as increased revenue stream, infrastructure and urban development, community consolidation, community visibility, and enhanced image, social-cultural exchange, entertainment, and knowledge exchange. The outcomes of the study also revealed the negative impacts of sporting tourism to include security risks, traffic problems, social conflict, economic costs, and environmental concerns. However, this research focused on smaller events that have regional profiling and not a mega event, which constitutes the focus of the current research study.

In their study, Yeh et al. (2018) analysed the total economic value of sport tourism in the belt region from an environmental perspective. The authors introduce and apply environmental research methods to sports events. Precisely, the travel cost method (TCM) and contingent valuation method (CVM) frameworks are applied to evaluate the value of sport tourism. The results demonstrate that sports tourism in the Belt and Road development region leads cities to considerably increase the amount of public expenditure on the construction of facilities and infrastructure development. The study also finds that hosting mega-events is associated with immense destruction of the local natural environment, which is a cost to the host communities.

While the above-mentioned researchers have focused on analyzing the positive impacts of mega sporting events, such events also have negative impacts that have a cost implication on host communities. Such negative impacts include economic costs like increased taxes, higher prices of housing and products, and excessive spending on the event; socio-cultural impacts such as increased conflicts between residents and visitors; and environmental impacts such as air pollution, increased waste disposal, and increase in the levels of noise pollution (Higham, 1999). While this is so, only scanty of the existing literature has focused on analysing the benefits of hosting mega-events together with positive impacts (costs). This creates a literature gap, which the current research seeks to fill.

Appendix 1 summarises the literature sources that inform this research study.

Methodological approach

Research philosophy, according to Saunders et al. (2012), is a set of assumptions that guide a researcher while developing knowledge in a research process. The three forms of research philosophy used in social research are interpretivism, realism, and positivism. In this research, the positivism philosophy will be adopted. The reason for using positivism philosophy is because this research mainly deals with observable social reality (i.e., the benefits and costs of hosting mega sporting events in Qatar). Here, the benefits and costs of hosting mega sporting events are derived from previous literature sources. This way, the current research aims to inspect whether the benefits and costs of hosting mega sporting events are aligned with what existing literature implies.

Social research studies can embrace either a qualitative or quantitative approach based on their nature and focus. Based on the nature of this study, the quantitative approach would be used. According to Pickard (2007), a quantitative approach is fit for studies that want to ascertain causal relationships between different variables being examined. Accordingly, the current research study intends to establish the causal relationship between hosting mega sporting events and resulting benefits and costs. In addition, the researcher seeks to maintain an objective stance throughout the process of conducting this research so as not to influence the outcome of this study. Thus, the quantitative approach was the fit method to use.

To collect quantitative data for analysis in this study, the questionnaire survey will be used. A questionnaire survey will be used because it allows the collection of statistical data that helps ascertain the causal relationship between variables being studied. Also, the questionnaire survey is cost-effective when collecting data in large quantities (Saunders et al., 2012). Further, previous studies that focused on a similar area of inquiry have used the questionnaire method. Therefore, adopting the questionnaire method was obvious. Prior studies conducted on a related area would provide clear and sufficient ideas about the questions to be included in the questionnaire survey.

Data would be collected on the organisers of mega sporting events in Qatar. Here, one of the reputable organizations that focus on organising mega sporting events in Qatar would be identified, and its employees would constitute the study population. The convenience sampling method will then be applied to obtain a total of 130 employees from the company who would then aid in collecting sufficient data for analysis.

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