Rising Dispute in Indo-Bangla Trade
The total trade dropped reasonably in the prior financial year, mostly because of India huge declination in import. This happened after a big jump in the bilateral trade in goods between Bangladesh and India. Despite that, there was a significant increase in exports of goods from Bangladeshi to India and accounted for more than $1.0 billion levels. Consequently, the bilateral trade deficit reduced from 7.44 billion to $6.40 billion in FY18. Besides, the export of clothing doubled in FY19 and garnered $1.25 billion from India. Readymade clothes(RMG) contribute to 40 per cent of the total exports. RMG export from Bangladesh has been escalating in India because it is the second-largest exporter of garments worldwide.
Nevertheless, Indian textile and clothing manufactures are bothered by the remarkable increase in export of RMG from Bangladeshi in India. They are cynical of the capacity and power of the Bangladeshi clothing industry. They have requested the government of India to implement policies to curtail the import of Bangladeshi apparel items. They allege that China’s garments are becoming available in India due to Bangladeshi. Conferring to a news published by the Hindu Business line (HBL), the Indian government, in response to Indian textile lobby, has purposed to review the provisions of ‘rules of origin’ under the Customs Act to ‘check misuse of FTA route and strengthening regulations associated to protection duty.
Indian cloth lobby contended that Chinese RMG is being diverted to India by benefiting from the South Asia Free Trade Area (SAFTA). Thus, increasing Bangladeshi RMG. HBL reported that the absenteeism of the minimum value addition criteria in SAFT drew the attention of the India textile industry. In addition to that, HBL also informed that Confederation of Indian Textile-Industry feared that the gap might be utilized for the transformation of Chinese artificial fibre-based attires thru Bangladesh.
MISINTERPRETATION: Accusation of averting Chinese RMG items because of no value addition criteria in SAFTA is disingenuous and also a misunderstanding of essential provisions in SAFTA agreement. The rules of origin applicable for SAFTA trade were stated clearly in ANNEX-IV of the SAFTA agreement. Rule-6 provides the direction regarding products that are not wholly or obtained. These sorts of products of any SAFTA affiliatenation is suitable for favoured treatment subject to full-filling of certain conditions outlined in Rule-7 and any of the conditions prescribed under Rule-8, Rule-9 or Rule-10. Clause-i of paragraph-a under Rule-8 permitsmodification in tariff heading (CTH) for non-originating products. It stipulated that products worked on or processed as a result of which the total value of the materials, parts or produce originating from other nations or of undetermined origin used does not exceed 60% of the FOB value of the products provided or obtained and that the last stage of manufacture is conducted within the territory of the exporting Contracting State. That means that the local value addition necessity is 40 per cent for a non-originating product. In the event of Least Developed Countries(LDCs), the value addition requirement is 30 percent, according to Rule-10. The fundamental rules of origin for Bangladeshi RMG product is therefore CTH-plus 30 per cent DVA or direct value addition. Withoutencompassed in the list of ‘product-specific rules’ under SAFTA rules of origin all other products (except included in the negative list) of Bangladesh are eligible for preferential market admittance subject to CTH-plus 30 per cent DVA. Hence the accusation, as described in Indian newspapers, that there lacks value added measures in SAFTA is erroneous and deceptive.
Bangladeshi RMG was under the original sensitive list of India where a total of 480 products were encompassed. The number of products on the list was 848 for non-LDC. Besides, India reduced the number of products to only 25 in the reviewed sensitive list for LDC during the second stage of the trade liberalization programme. These 25 products contain alcohol and tobacco items. Therefore, tariff-free access to Bangladeshi RMG products was permitted by India.India allowed tariff-free market access to all except 25 Bangladeshi products in 2011. Subsequently, the export of Bangladeshi products to India has amplified with gross fluctuation differences over the years.
The principal purpose for the increase in Bangladeshi RMG in India is replacing 12.0 per cent countervailing duty with Goods and Services Tax (GST). The GST rate applicable to the majority of the apparel clothing items is 5.0 per cent. It is 12.0 per cent for the rest of the things.
The government of Indian resolution to confine the incremental import of Bangladeshi RMG has a trade repercussion for Bangladesh. Currently, there is no possibility to make any amendment in SAFTA agreement in terms of purported value addition criteria and rules of origin. Nevertheless, Indian textile lobby has proposed imposition of protectionresponsibility on Bangladeshi RMG. Article-16 of SAFTA agreement sketches the necessities and stages on protection measures.
Noteworthy, in the last year, Indian authorities have informed Bangladesh concerning some ‘discrepancies’, in terms of exporting RMG. These were: incongruities between Free On Board (FOB) value and SAFTA value, re-issuance of the country of origin (CoO) certificate after one year of shipment and issuance of dual CoO certificates by the Export Promotion Bureau (EPB).Hence, ruling out the Indian allegationsabout some faulty procedure of Bangladeshi RMG export is not possible. Besides a little chance to influence value addition criteria, procedural flaws are there because of the negligence of EPB. As a result, India may constrict its procedural mechanism by implementing some non-tariff measures(NTMs). RMG exporters and critical government entities have to be more active to contain any flaws to shun any unnecessary trade limit.
ANTI-DUMPING DUTY: Bilateral trade tension has risen slowly along with the increase in export to India. It is replicated in Indian anti-dumping measures. India slapped the anti-dumping duty on Bangladesh’s jute yarn, hessian, and bags back in January 2017 ranging from $19 and $352 a tonne. In the same year, a parallel duty was imposed on the exports of hydrogen peroxide to India, in the range of $27.81-$91.47 per tonne in April. One year later, India imposed anti-dumping duty, at $2.69 per kilogramme, on the shipments of the fishing net from Bangladesh.
At a Bangladesh requested India to withdraw the anti-dumping duties during a commerce-secretary level trade talks in New Delhi a few months back. However, India declined the request. For the past two years, India made relatedretort to some of the applications of Bangladesh on drawing anti-dumping duties, particularly on jute goods. India debated that a quasi-judicial process had enforced the anti-dumping duty and the government had nothing to do about it.
At one point,Bangladesh decided to move to the dispute settlement body of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) to challenge the India anti-dumping duties. The Ministry of Commerce has currently requested the WTO cell to recourse to the WTO’s dispute settlement procedure succeeding suggestion from the Bangladesh Tariff Commission which earlier said India executed the anti-dumping duties ‘violating the WTO rules’. As a truth of the matters, without taking legal steps through the WTO, eliminating the anti-dumping tariffs is impossible.
Nonetheless, there is a catch. Trades have to spread their cooperation to the government. It seems that the jute industry has some concern to make the legal battle as India is a big marketplace. Moreover, the trade volume is so small that themanufacturers of hydrogen peroxide and fishing nets lack worth to spend time and money on WTO clash mechanism.
Still, the government needs to propel forward, bearing in mind the nation’s long-term trade interest. Trade associates will try to put more restraining measures, as Bangladesh is in the last period of graduation from the LDC status. The country necessitates strengthening its capability on the resolution of commerce conflict to combat and overcome such measures.
Get professional assignment help cheaply
Are you busy and do not have time to handle your assignment? Are you scared that your paper will not make the grade? Do you have responsibilities that may hinder you from turning in your assignment on time? Are you tired and can barely handle your assignment? Are your grades inconsistent?
Whichever your reason may is, it is valid! You can get professional academic help from our service at affordable rates. We have a team of professional academic writers who can handle all your assignments.
Our essay writers are graduates with diplomas, bachelor, masters, Ph.D., and doctorate degrees in various subjects. The minimum requirement to be an essay writer with our essay writing service is to have a college diploma. When assigning your order, we match the paper subject with the area of specialization of the writer.
Why choose our academic writing service?
- Plagiarism free papers
- Timely delivery
- Any deadline
- Skilled, Experienced Native English Writers
- Subject-relevant academic writer
- Adherence to paper instructions
- Ability to tackle bulk assignments
- Reasonable prices
- 24/7 Customer Support
- Get superb grades consistently
Get Professional Assignment Help Cheaply
Are you busy and do not have time to handle your assignment? Are you scared that your paper will not make the grade? Do you have responsibilities that may hinder you from turning in your assignment on time? Are you tired and can barely handle your assignment? Are your grades inconsistent?
Whichever your reason is, it is valid! You can get professional academic help from our service at affordable rates. We have a team of professional academic writers who can handle all your assignments.
Why Choose Our Academic Writing Service?
- Plagiarism free papers
- Timely delivery
- Any deadline
- Skilled, Experienced Native English Writers
- Subject-relevant academic writer
- Adherence to paper instructions
- Ability to tackle bulk assignments
- Reasonable prices
- 24/7 Customer Support
- Get superb grades consistently
Online Academic Help With Different Subjects
Literature
Students barely have time to read. We got you! Have your literature essay or book review written without having the hassle of reading the book. You can get your literature paper custom-written for you by our literature specialists.
Finance
Do you struggle with finance? No need to torture yourself if finance is not your cup of tea. You can order your finance paper from our academic writing service and get 100% original work from competent finance experts.
Computer science
Computer science is a tough subject. Fortunately, our computer science experts are up to the match. No need to stress and have sleepless nights. Our academic writers will tackle all your computer science assignments and deliver them on time. Let us handle all your python, java, ruby, JavaScript, php , C+ assignments!
Psychology
While psychology may be an interesting subject, you may lack sufficient time to handle your assignments. Don’t despair; by using our academic writing service, you can be assured of perfect grades. Moreover, your grades will be consistent.
Engineering
Engineering is quite a demanding subject. Students face a lot of pressure and barely have enough time to do what they love to do. Our academic writing service got you covered! Our engineering specialists follow the paper instructions and ensure timely delivery of the paper.
Nursing
In the nursing course, you may have difficulties with literature reviews, annotated bibliographies, critical essays, and other assignments. Our nursing assignment writers will offer you professional nursing paper help at low prices.
Sociology
Truth be told, sociology papers can be quite exhausting. Our academic writing service relieves you of fatigue, pressure, and stress. You can relax and have peace of mind as our academic writers handle your sociology assignment.
Business
We take pride in having some of the best business writers in the industry. Our business writers have a lot of experience in the field. They are reliable, and you can be assured of a high-grade paper. They are able to handle business papers of any subject, length, deadline, and difficulty!
Statistics
We boast of having some of the most experienced statistics experts in the industry. Our statistics experts have diverse skills, expertise, and knowledge to handle any kind of assignment. They have access to all kinds of software to get your assignment done.
Law
Writing a law essay may prove to be an insurmountable obstacle, especially when you need to know the peculiarities of the legislative framework. Take advantage of our top-notch law specialists and get superb grades and 100% satisfaction.
What discipline/subjects do you deal in?
We have highlighted some of the most popular subjects we handle above. Those are just a tip of the iceberg. We deal in all academic disciplines since our writers are as diverse. They have been drawn from across all disciplines, and orders are assigned to those writers believed to be the best in the field. In a nutshell, there is no task we cannot handle; all you need to do is place your order with us. As long as your instructions are clear, just trust we shall deliver irrespective of the discipline.
Are your writers competent enough to handle my paper?
Our essay writers are graduates with bachelor's, masters, Ph.D., and doctorate degrees in various subjects. The minimum requirement to be an essay writer with our essay writing service is to have a college degree. All our academic writers have a minimum of two years of academic writing. We have a stringent recruitment process to ensure that we get only the most competent essay writers in the industry. We also ensure that the writers are handsomely compensated for their value. The majority of our writers are native English speakers. As such, the fluency of language and grammar is impeccable.
What if I don’t like the paper?
There is a very low likelihood that you won’t like the paper.
Reasons being:
- When assigning your order, we match the paper’s discipline with the writer’s field/specialization. Since all our writers are graduates, we match the paper’s subject with the field the writer studied. For instance, if it’s a nursing paper, only a nursing graduate and writer will handle it. Furthermore, all our writers have academic writing experience and top-notch research skills.
- We have a quality assurance that reviews the paper before it gets to you. As such, we ensure that you get a paper that meets the required standard and will most definitely make the grade.
In the event that you don’t like your paper:
- The writer will revise the paper up to your pleasing. You have unlimited revisions. You simply need to highlight what specifically you don’t like about the paper, and the writer will make the amendments. The paper will be revised until you are satisfied. Revisions are free of charge
- We will have a different writer write the paper from scratch.
- Last resort, if the above does not work, we will refund your money.
Will the professor find out I didn’t write the paper myself?
Not at all. All papers are written from scratch. There is no way your tutor or instructor will realize that you did not write the paper yourself. In fact, we recommend using our assignment help services for consistent results.
What if the paper is plagiarized?
We check all papers for plagiarism before we submit them. We use powerful plagiarism checking software such as SafeAssign, LopesWrite, and Turnitin. We also upload the plagiarism report so that you can review it. We understand that plagiarism is academic suicide. We would not take the risk of submitting plagiarized work and jeopardize your academic journey. Furthermore, we do not sell or use prewritten papers, and each paper is written from scratch.
When will I get my paper?
You determine when you get the paper by setting the deadline when placing the order. All papers are delivered within the deadline. We are well aware that we operate in a time-sensitive industry. As such, we have laid out strategies to ensure that the client receives the paper on time and they never miss the deadline. We understand that papers that are submitted late have some points deducted. We do not want you to miss any points due to late submission. We work on beating deadlines by huge margins in order to ensure that you have ample time to review the paper before you submit it.
Will anyone find out that I used your services?
We have a privacy and confidentiality policy that guides our work. We NEVER share any customer information with third parties. Noone will ever know that you used our assignment help services. It’s only between you and us. We are bound by our policies to protect the customer’s identity and information. All your information, such as your names, phone number, email, order information, and so on, are protected. We have robust security systems that ensure that your data is protected. Hacking our systems is close to impossible, and it has never happened.
How our Assignment Help Service Works
1. Place an order
You fill all the paper instructions in the order form. Make sure you include all the helpful materials so that our academic writers can deliver the perfect paper. It will also help to eliminate unnecessary revisions.
2. Pay for the order
Proceed to pay for the paper so that it can be assigned to one of our expert academic writers. The paper subject is matched with the writer’s area of specialization.
3. Track the progress
You communicate with the writer and know about the progress of the paper. The client can ask the writer for drafts of the paper. The client can upload extra material and include additional instructions from the lecturer. Receive a paper.
4. Download the paper
The paper is sent to your email and uploaded to your personal account. You also get a plagiarism report attached to your paper.
PLACE THIS ORDER OR A SIMILAR ORDER WITH US TODAY AND GET A PERFECT SCORE!!!
